날짜

제 목

Page

Dictation

9/7
(개강)

Congenitally Absent Permanent Premolar Tx at Discretion of Orthodontist

1 김현민

Higher Cortical Bone Thickness Correlated With Increased MIT, MRT of TAD Miniscrews

7

3D Surgical Planning Enhances Results in Asymmetric Class III Subjects

13

No High-Level Evidence to Underpin Tx Methods of Class II Division 2 Malocclusion

25

9/14

Amount of Orthodontic Force Does Not Influence Root Resorption

37 김지권

SFA May Offer Shorter Tx Time in Class III Nonextraction Surgical Subjects

45

Metal Ions Released From Orthodontic Materials in Simulated Oral Environment

53

Does Orthognathic Surgery Cause, Cure TMDs?

63

9/21

Variations in Tongue Mobility May Influence Maxillofacial Development

77 기연주

Lower Insertion Torques Are Correlated With Higher Miniscrew Stability

85

Patients With History of Orthodontic Tx May Have Decreased Prevalence of Periodontitis

91

LLLT May Have Role in Reducing Root Resorption

99
9/28

Some Laypeople Prefer Straighter Profiles Compared to Class II Division 1 Profiles

109 최인선

Integrate Patient’s Own Teeth Into Cleft Area for Better OHRQoL Ratings

115

Consider Providing Specific Info on Pain to Obese Orthodontic Patients

123

Longer Treatment Time Increases Risk of GE in Orthodontic Patients

135
10/5

PFAs Are More Cost-Effective Than AA

141

정진안

Assessing Stability, Surgical Complications in Segmental Le Fort I Osteotomy

149

Post-Treatment Stability Is the Goal...Achieving That Goal Is Elusive

167

Application of Vibration Does Not Have a Positive Effect on Rate of Tooth Movement

175

10/12

CR-ICP Discrepancy, Its Relationship With TMDs Is Unclear

187 박미리내

Open Bite Does Not Correlate With Bolton Discrepancy

199

BRs Associated With Increased Plaque, Calculus Accumulation vs VFRs

203

Tooth Width, Facial Dimensions, and Ethnicity Compared

213

11/2

Distraction Osteogenesis Is Stable, Effective for Maxillary Hypoplasia in Cleft Palate

221 Hussein Aljawad

Bone-Anchored RME Devices Increase Nasal Airflow, Decrease Nasal Resistance

225

Alar Base Cinch Suture Technique Following Le Fort I Osteotomy

229

LLLI Seems to Accelerate Tooth Movement in Canine Retraction

237

11/9

Figure-of-8 Configuration vs Conventional Ligation

247 Zheng Yuchen

Symphysis Shape, Facial Growth Pattern Is Important Diagnostic Criterion

257

Flossing Associated With Lower Prevalence of Periodontitis

263

Distinct Prebent Points in Beta-Titanium T-Loops More Prone to Stress Relaxation

269

11/16

Treatment With Fixed Orthodontic Appliances Alters Scalp Hair Ni, Cr Levels

277 이석철

Digital Wafers for Orthognathic Surgery Have Accuracy Similar to Conventional Wafers

283

Dental Arch Shape, Articular Morphology Are Correlated

295

Smart Phone Cephalometric Tracing Compared With Manual Tracing

307

11/30

Hawthorne Effect Reported in Orthodontic Studies Is Suboptimal

315 박현경

GT Is a Benign Condition That May Have an Association With BMS

321

Hearing Improvement After Maxillary Expansion

329

MPP Ineffective in Reducing Post-Orthodontic Subsurface Lesions

341

12/7

Bite Force Changes During Orthodontic Retention Phase

349 정진안

Discomfort Associated With Invisalign, Traditional Brackets Compared

361

Consider CBCT in Diagnosing Slanted Root Resorptions

369

Typical Metal Alloys Corrode in Simulated Oral Environment

377

12/14
(종강)

Midpalatal Suture Maturation in Adults

383 김현민

Treatment in Pubertal Growth Spurt Influences Mandibular Growth

389

VFRs Are Effective in Orthodontic Retention

397

Orthodontic Care Is Unevenly Distributed in the United States

403

 

날짜

제 목

Page

Dictation

3/2
(개강)

Interdisciplinary Approach Helps Ensure Proper Tx of Missing Teeth

 

김현민

Orthodontic Extractions May Improve Unerupted 3rd Molars

1

Moving Molars Into Edentulous Ridges Causes Slight Buccal, Lingual Dehiscences

11

Piezosurgery Not Effective in Accelerating En Masse Retraction

19

3/9

Short-Term Complications Are Common in SARPE Patients

29

김지권

Little Risk of Significant Gingival Recession Occurring During Orthodontic Tx

35

Piezocision Does Not Influence the Rate of Lower Incisor Alignment

45

Relationship With Gifting and Referrals Raises Ethical Concerns

51

3/16

How Should You Handle Short-Term Unexpected Staff Absences?

59

최인선

CBCT Is Not Justified as an Aid for Palatal Implant Placement

61

TMJ Structural Disorders Are Typically Stable Over Time

69

Horizontal TAD Can Provide Anchorage for Temp Maxillary Lateral Incisor Replacement

77

3/23

Is There a Relationship Between Upper Airway Obstruction, Dentofacial Morphology?

83

기연주

CLS Is an Effective Procedure but With Some Relapse Potential

93

Another Tool You Can Use to Document Progress of Your Orthodontic Residents

109

Herbst Appliance May Cause Condylar Remodeling, but Level of Evidence Is Weak

121

3/30

Interplay Between Bone, Soft Tissue in Alveolar Ridge Deficiencies

 

정진안

Esthetic Outcomes Preferred With Maxillary Advancement for Class III Malocclusion

129

Damon Technique Does Not Reduce Treatment Duration

137

MAR Algorithms Reduce Noise Around Metal Restorative Materials in CBCT Images

145

4/6

Herbst Appliance Treatment Might Increase the Width of Posterior Pharynx

153

박미리내

Craniofacial Morphology Misrelated to the Level of GR and CAL

161

Orthodontic Appliances -- The Greater the Distance, the Lower the MRI Distortion

171

Occlusal Bite Force, Chewing Efficiency Improve After Surgery in Prognathism

187

4/13

Surgery-First Approach May Result in More Stable Condylar Position Over Time

197

Hussein Aljawad

Anxiety is Associated With Orthodontic Pain Perception

207

Incisal Embrasure Form Impacts Perceived Smile Attractiveness

213

LLLT Does Not Relieve Pain From Orthodontic Separators

225

4/27

Effectiveness of 2 Types of Fixed Lower Retainers Compared

231

Zheng Yuchen

Mechanical Preparation of Acrylic Teeth Increases Bond Strength to Orthodontic Brackets

241

VFRs Are More Acceptable to Adult Patients Than Are HRs

247

TADs -- An Elective Solution for Critical Anchorage Conditions

257

5/11

Breathing Disorders Affect Facial Development

 

이석철

Impact of Primary Canine Extraction on Eruption of Impacted Permanent Canine

269

Autotransplantation of Mature Third Molars Appears a Viable Option

277

Little Evidence Supports Accelerated Tooth Movement

285

5/18

Effectiveness of Clear Aligners Lacks Evidence

297

박헌경

CBCT Is More Accurate Than PRs in Assessing ERR

305

Esthetic, Standard NiTi Wires Have Similar Bending Properties

315

Good Correlation Observed Among TMM Degree, SOS Fusion, CVM

327

6/1

Anchorage Loss in First, Second Maxillary Premolar Extractions Similar

335

김현민

No Clinical Difference Between Effectiveness of Hawley, Other Removable Retainers

345

Fixed Retention Can Prevent Some Post-Treatment Relapse

357

Articulation Changes More Prominent With HRs Than With VFRs

365

6/8

Effectiveness of Clear Retainer Cleansing Methods Tested

373

최인선

Single Application of LCFV Prevents Enamel Demineralization

379

Advise Patients Not to Obtain Info About Orthognathic Surgery on YouTube

387

Better Outcomes With SFA Than OF in Class III Surgery

395

6/15
(종강)

Assessment of Oral Pain With Orthodontic Archwires

405

박미리내

No Role for Occlusion in Etiology of TMD

415

MPS Calcification Seen on CBCT Can Guide When to Apply Rapid Palatal Expansion

431

Photobiomodulation Use May Increase Rate of Orthodontic Tooth Movement

439

 

Long-Term Correction of Anterior Crowding Shows Good Results but Not Stability

447

 

Premolar Extraction Enhances Space for Third Molars

457

Quality of Information on Websites About Orthodontic Treatment Are Variable

469

AOB Correction by Le Fort I Osteotomy Without Anterior Segmentation Is More Stable

477

 

Cervical Headgear in Vertically Sensitive Patients Prevents Negative Vertical Changes

485

 

Open Exposure of Impacted Canines Seems Superior to Closed Exposure

495

Orthodontic Camouflage vs Orthognathic Surgery for Class III Malocclusion

505

Effects of Chin Cup Similar to Protraction Face Mask in Early Class III Correction

511

 

No Study Indicates Routine CBCT Use for Impacted Maxillary Canines

519

 

Automated Nasopharyngeal Airway Obstruction Has Limited Utility

529

Comparing Pain, Discomfort With Conventional vs Skeletally Anchored RME Appliances

541

Preop Predictions Correlate Well With Outcomes in Le Fort I Osteotomy

547

 

To Extract or Not to Extract -- Base Decisions on Evidence

   

LLLT May Be Effective in Accelerating Orthodontic Tooth Movement

553

Are All Orthodontic Products Being Tested Before Released to the Market?

559

Does Orthodontic Adhesive Removal Cause Unsafe Rise in Pulpal Temps?

565

 

CBCT Imaging Might Be Reliable in Evaluating SARPE Tx Outcomes

573

 

Customized Orthodontic System Does Not Reduce Treatment Time

585

SF Improves Quality of Life, Oral Health Survey Scores vs OF

593

Extraction of Impacted MM3s Does Not Shorten Tx Time of Impacted MM2s

599

 

Decision to Extract Teeth May Be Influenced By Practitioner Experience

607

 

Changing Teeth Inclination Affects Buccal, Lingual Alveolar Bone Thickness

617

Oblique Miniscrews Provide Adequate Anchorage for 2N Orthodontic Force Loading

631

Magnitude of Stress, Growth Status Influences Speed of Tooth Movement

639

 

Full-Thickness Mucoperiosteal Elevation Accelerates Orthodontic Tooth Movement

645

 

Mesiodistal Gap Reduction Rate Is Higher During the First Month After Extraction

655

PAR, ABO-DI Perform Equally Well in Terms of Validity

663

Accurate Dx is Critical In Subdivision Malocclusion Cases to Avoid Midline Deviations

669

 

Third Molar Appearance Has No Effect on Post-Ortho Crowding

679

 

Extraction Space Can Reopen in Some Cases

687

Loss of Buccal Bone Thickness, Height Following RME

695

Pendulum Appliance Modifications Reduce Molar Distalization in Class II Patients

703

 

Cortical Bone Thickness Has Influence on Microcrack Formation

711

 

Use of Mobile App Improves Oral Hygiene in Orthodontic Patients

723

How Effective Is Piezocision in Accelerating Orthodontic Tooth Movement?

731

Debonding Procedures Often Result in Some Removal of Enamel

739

 

Lower Second Premolar Eruption Rates Assessed

747

 

OHRQoL Deteriorates During Orthodontic Tx

753

Patient Experience With Braces vs Invisalign Compared By Twitter

763

Signs to Watch for in Cases of ICR

771

 

Intraoral Electronic Timers May Underreport Appliance Wearing Time

781

 

Can Orthodontic Outcomes Be Accurately Predicted?

789

Fluoride Toothpaste, Tooth Mousse May Encourage Remineralization

801

DAD Osteogenesis Technique Significantly Speeds Up Canine Retraction

811

 

Top

풀어봅시다!!!  

2018년 03월 23일 QUIZ   2018년 3월 23일 QUIZ 정답

문제1

In the RCT (Randomized Clinical Trial) study recently (Efficiency of piezotome-corticision assisted orthodontics in alleviating mandibular anterior crowding—a randomized clinical trial. Eur J Orthod 2017;Mar 20:1–6.), Uribe F, Davoody L, Mehr R, Jayaratne Y S N, Almas K et al. showed there was no evidence that piezotome-corticision assisted orthodontics was more efficient in alleviating mandibular anterior crowding. ( O , X )

 

문제2

According the multi-centered study in the US (Schiffman EL, Ahmad M, Hollender L, Kartha K, Ohrbach R, EL Truelove, et al. Longitudinal Stability of Common TMJ Structural Disorders. J Dent Res 2017;96(3):270–276.),

1)  Baseline hard tissue diagnoses showed no statistical association with soft tissue changes at follow-up. ( O , X )

2)  Longitudinally, 76% of baseline TMJ soft tissue diagnoses and 71% of the baseline hard tissue diagnoses remained stable. ( O , X )

3)  Diagnostic reversal and progression were confirmed for both soft and hard tissues. ( O , X )

 

문제3

To assess the course of the nasopalatine canal using CBCT, out of a consecutive sample collected from April 2008 to August 2012, screenprints were used to measure the inclination of the nasopalatine canal in relation to the maxillary jaw base. Maxillary and mandibular divergence was assessed on rendered lateral cephalograms. (Tilen R, Patcas R, Bornstein MM, Ludwig B, and Schätzle M. The nasopalatine canal, a limiting factor for temporary anchorage devices: a cone beam computed tomography data study. Eur J Orthod 2017;April 1:1–8.)

A statistically significant negative correlation exists between jaw divergence and the canal angulation with regard to the maxillary base. A statistically significant negative correlation exists between the canal angulation and vertical bone measurements at the 4/5 and 3/4 levels.

Explain above underlined paragraph in detail.

 

문제4

Recently, Faculty of the Ohio State University evaluated Objective Structured Clinical Examination for advanced orthodontic education 12 years after introduction. (Fill the blanks.)

1) identify dental relationships, (2) bracket placement, (3) identify problems and plan treatment—mixed dentition, (4) analyze a cephalometric tracing, (5) identify problems and plan treatment—adolescent dentition, (6) place first- and second-order finishing bends, (7) form a loop, (8) identify problems and plan treatment— nongrowing skeletal problems, (9) perform a diagnostic skill, (10) place accentuated third-order bends, (11) identify cephalometric points, (12) superimpose cephalometric tracings, and (13) interpret cephalometric superimpositions.

(Fields HW, Kim DG, Jeon M, Firestone AR, Sun Z, el al. Evaluation of objective structured clinical examination for advanced orthodontic education 12 years after introduction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2017;151:840-50)

2018년 03월 30일 QUIZ   2018년 3월 23일 QUIZ 정답

Horizontal ridge dimension - restorative considerations

  • In case of Edentulous site;
    Association between bone and soft tissue : ex) height of soft tissue on bony crest
  • In case of Replacement of multiple teeth;
    Consideration of factors: span of edentulous space, periodontal attachment level, (                     ), soft tissue profile and thickness

 

Horizontal ridge dimension - orthodontic considerations

  • Horizontal tooth movement (ridge augmentation) - implant support and contour augmentation, stable soft tissue framework for restoration, natural esthetics
  • Benefit: redistribution of tooth space, reduction of size of larger partially edentulous site

 

Vertical ridge dimension - restorative considerations

    Soft tissue augmentation

     

Vertical ridge dimension - orthodontic considerations

    Consideration of factors: periodic reduction in length for occ. Interference, 6-month of stabilization for (                     ) reorganization, review of change with pt, endodontic tx

 

Ridge management in children

 

Conclusion

2018년 04월 13일 QUIZ   2018년 4월 13일 QUIZ 정답

문제1

Do you think that there is any difference of condylar positional changes after BSSRO with and without Le Fort I osteotomy?

(                                                )

 

문제2

Which one is more effective management of orthodontic pain, chewing gum or ibuprofen? What is your opinion?

(                                 )

 

문제3

Regarding the condylar positional changes after surgery, there is (significant, no significant) difference between mandibular only procedure and combination of maxillary and mandibular procedures. In asymmetry, (more, less) deviated side showed a greater tendency to have both bodily (             ) and rotation.

 

문제4

There was a (strong, weak, no) positive association between the level of anxiety reported and the pain experienced, following both the initial fitting of the fixed appliances and at the subsequent arch wire change.

2018년 04월 27일 QUIZ   2018년 4월 13일 QUIZ 정답

문제1-1

There are 2 types of fixed retainers for lower incisors, canine-to-canine retainer bonded only to the canines and a twistflex retainer 3-3 bonded to each tooth. What is your opinion for the effectiveness of two retainers? (Mark it as a sign of inequality)

①  Failure rate: canine-to-canine retainer        twistflex retainer

②  Incisor stability: canine-to-canine retainer       twistflex retainer

 

문제2-1

When you bond orthodontic brackets to the acrylic denture teeth as space holders for congenital missing incisor teeth, how do you prepare the surface of acrylic teeth for better bonding strength? Share your ideas with coworkers.

(                                        )

 

문제3-1

Two types of removable retainers, vacuum formed retainers and Hawley retainers, have been used after active orthodontic treatment. Do you think that there is any difference of patients’ compliance between the 2 types of retainers?

(                                                )

 

[After Lecture]

 

문제1-2

There are 2 types of fixed retainers for lower incisors, canine-to-canine retainer bonded only to the canines and a twistflex retainer 3-3 bonded to each tooth. Please answer the following questions about the effectiveness of two retainers. (Mark it as a sign of inequality)

①  Failure rate

 canine-to-canine retainer (    ) twistflex retainer 3-3 bonded to each tooth

②  Incisor stability

canine-to-canine retainer (    ) twistflex retainer 3-3 bonded to each tooth

 

문제2-2

The highest bonding strength was recorded for (          ) followed by (           ) and (           ).

Group 1: no surface preparation of acrylic denture teeth

Group 2: surface preparation with sandblasting

Group 3: surface preparation with abrasion using carbide bur

 

문제3-2

Choose the answer in the bow below.

(              ) are more acceptable to orthodontic patients than the (                  ).

 

2018년 10월 12일 QUIZ   2018년 10월 12일 QUIZ 정답

Researchers from Roma Linda University investigated the relationship between 6 Maxillary anterior teeth and the bizygomatic width, interpupillary distance, intercanthal distance, interalar width, and intercommissural width of individuals of Asian, African-American, and white ethnicities. According to the study, ethnicity and facial proportions of individuals had ( no , significant ) effect on the mesiodistal dimensions of maxillary anterior teeth.

2018년 11월 2일 QUIZ   2018년 11월 02일 QUIZ 정답

According to the study about comparison of effects on nasal airflow and resistance using bone-borne & tooth-borne RPE, ( bone-borne RPE , tooth-borne RPE ) is effective in increasing nasal airflow and reduction in nasal resistance

2018년 11월 9일 QUIZ   2018년 11월 09일 QUIZ 정답

According to the research about “Association of Flossing in Adults”, a higher prevalence of periodontitis is found in ( male , female ), ( older , younger ) patients, smokers, ( lower , higher ) incomes, and in those who infrequently visit the dentist.

2018년 11월 16일 QUIZ   2018년 11월 16일 QUIZ 정답

1. According to the evaluation of scalp hair nickel and chromium level change in patients with fixed orthodontic appliance,

 (1) after 1 year, the level of Ni and Cr in the treatment group were    
  significantly (              ) compared to baseline.
(2) There was no significant association between the patient’s
   (       ) and gender.

2018년 11월 30일 QUIZ   2018년 11월 30일 QUIZ 정답

1. What is Hawthorne Effect ?

2. Describe the impact of the Hawthorne effect on RCT studies.

3. Describe how you can reduce the impact of the Hawthorne effect.

2018년 12월 07일 QUIZ   2018년 11월 30일 QUIZ 정답

1. According to the effect of food simulating liquids on the static frictional forces and corrosion activity of different types of orthodontic wires

(1) ( SS / TMA / NiTi ) showed minimal static frictional forces.

(2) ( SS / TMA / NiTi ) showed the highest corrosion activity in both citric acid and ethanol.

한 주에 한 명의 대학원생이 그 주에 공부하게 되는 논문 내용 중 한가지를 선택하여 tape를 dictation해온 내용을 함께 모여 공부하는 시간입니다. 영어 청취력 향상과 함께 presentation 기법을 배울 수 있는 좋은 기회라고 생각합니다. Dictation된 글은 임회정 교수님께서 확인 수정합니다.

2018년 03월 09일

발표자 : 김지권
주  제 : Little Risk of Significant Gingival Recession Occuring During Orthodontic Tx

Changes in Disc Position, Disc Length, and Height in the Temporomandibular Joint With Anterior Disc Displacement: A Longitudinal Retrospective Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

2018년 03월 16일

발표자 : 최인선
주  제 : How Should You Handle Short-Term Unexpected Staff Absences?

Changes in Disc Position, Disc Length, and Height in the Temporomandibular Joint With Anterior Disc Displacement: A Longitudinal Retrospective Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

2018년 03월 22일

발표자 : 기연주
주  제 : Herbst Appliance May Cause Condylar Remodeling, but Level of Evidence Is Weak

Changes in Disc Position, Disc Length, and Height in the Temporomandibular Joint With Anterior Disc Displacement: A Longitudinal Retrospective Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

2018년 03월 30일

발표자 : 정진안
주  제 : MAR Algorithms Reduce Noise Around Metal Restorative Materials in CBCT Images

MAR Algorithms Reduce Noise Around Metal Restorative Materials

2018년 04월 06일

발표자 : 박미리내
주  제 : Occlusal Bite Force, Chewing Efficiency Improve After Surgery in Prognathism

MAR Algorithms Reduce Noise Around Metal Restorative Materials

2018년 04월 13일

발표자 : Hussein Aljawad
주  제 : Anxiety is Associated With Orthodontic Pain Perception.

Anxiety is Associated With Orthodontic Pain Perception.

2018년 04월 27일

발표자 : Zheng Yuchen
주  제 : Effectiveness of 2 Types of Fixed Lower Retainers Compared

Effectiveness of 2 Types of Fixed Lower Retainers Compared

2018년 05월 11일

발표자 : 이석철
주  제 : Autotransplantation of Mature Third Molars Appears a Viable Option

Autotransplantation of Mature Third Molars Appears a Viable Option

2018년 05월 18일

발표자 : 박현경
주  제 : CBCT is More Accurate Than PRs in Assessing ERR.

CBCT is More Accurate Than PRs in Assessing ERR.

2018년 06월 01일

발표자 : 김현민
주  제 : Articulation Changes More Prominent With HRs Than With VFRs.

Articulation Changes More Prominent With HRs Than With VFRs

2018년 09월 07일

발표자 : 김현민
주  제 : No High-Level Evidence to Underpin Tx Methods of Class II Division 2 Malocclusion.

CBCT is More Accurate Than PRs in Assessing ERR.

2018년 09월 14일

발표자 : 김지권
주  제 : SFA May Offer Shorter Tx Time in Class III Nonextraction Surgical Subjects.

Articulation Changes More Prominent With HRs Than With VFRs

2018년 09월 21일

발표자 : 기연주
주  제 : Patients With History of Orthodontic Tx May Have Decreased Prevalence of Periodontitis.

Articulation Changes More Prominent With HRs Than With VFRs

2018년 09월 28일

발표자 : 최인선
주  제 : Longer Treatment Time Increases Risk of GE in Orthodontic Patients.

Longer Treatment Time Increases Risk of GE in Orthodontic Patients

2018년 10월 05일

발표자 : 정진안
주  제 : Patients With History of Orthodontic Tx May Have Decreased Prevalence of Periodontitis.

Articulation Changes More Prominent With HRs Than With VFRs

2018년 10월 12일

발표자 : 박미리내
주  제 : Patients With History of Orthodontic Tx May Have Decreased Prevalence of Periodontitis.

BRs Associated With Increased Plaque, Calculus Accumulation vs VFRs

2018년 11월 02일

발표자 : Hussein Aljawad
주  제 : Bone-Anchored RME Devices Increase Nasal Airflow, Decrease Nasal Resistance.

Bone-Anchored RME Devices Increase Nasal Airflow, Decrease Nasal Resistance

2018년 11월 09일

발표자 : Zheng Yuchen
주  제 : Figure-of-8 Configuration vs Conventional Ligation

Bone-Anchored RME Devices Increase Nasal Airflow, Decrease Nasal Resistance

2018년 11월 16일

발표자 : Suk-Cheol Lee
주  제 : Digital Wafers for Orthognathic Surgery Have Accuracy Similar to Conventional Wafers

Bone-Anchored RME Devices Increase Nasal Airflow, Decrease Nasal Resistance

2018년 11월 30일

발표자 : Hun-kyung Park
주  제 :
Hawthorne Effect Reported in Orthodontic Studies Is Suboptimal

Hawthorne Effect Reported in Orthodontic Studies Is Suboptimal

2018년 12월 07일

발표자 : Mi-ri-nae Park
주  제 :
Consider CBCT in Diagnosing Slanted Root Resorptions

Consider CBCT in Diagnosing Slanted Root Resorptions